1. Poverty: Syria has been severely affected by the ongoing civil war, which has led to widespread poverty. Efforts to combat poverty in Syria are primarily focused on providing humanitarian aid and rebuilding infrastructure. International organizations, such as the United Nations and non-governmental organizations (NGOs), are working to provide emergency assistance, including food, shelter, and healthcare, to vulnerable populations. However, due to the challenging security situation, the extent of poverty in Syria is difficult to measure accurately.

2. Hunger: The conflict in Syria has resulted in a significant increase in food insecurity and hunger. Many Syrians face limited access to food due to displacement, destruction of agricultural infrastructure, and disrupted supply chains. Humanitarian organizations are working to provide food assistance to those in need. The World Food Programme (WFP) and other aid agencies are distributing emergency food rations and implementing nutrition programs to address malnutrition among vulnerable populations, particularly children.

3. Healthcare: The healthcare system in Syria has been severely affected by the conflict. Hospitals and medical facilities have been damaged or destroyed, leading to limited access to healthcare services. Humanitarian organizations are working to support the healthcare system by providing medical supplies, equipment, and training to healthcare workers. Vaccination campaigns, disease surveillance, and emergency medical services are being implemented to mitigate the impact of the conflict on public health.

4. Education: The conflict in Syria has had a devastating impact on education. Many schools have been damaged or destroyed, and millions of children have been forced out of school. Efforts are underway to provide access to education for Syrian children, both within Syria and in neighboring countries hosting refugees. NGOs, in partnership with international organizations, are setting up temporary learning spaces, providing educational materials, and training teachers to ensure that children can continue their education despite the challenging circumstances.

5. Gender Equality: Gender equality remains a significant challenge in Syria, exacerbated by the ongoing conflict. Women and girls face multiple forms of discrimination and violence. Local and international organizations are working to address gender-based violence, promote women's empowerment, and ensure women's participation in decision-making processes. Efforts are being made to provide safe spaces for women, deliver gender-sensitive healthcare services, and promote economic opportunities for women.

6. Clean Water Sanitation: Access to clean water and sanitation facilities is a pressing issue in Syria. The conflict has damaged water infrastructure and disrupted water supply systems, leaving many communities without access to safe drinking water. Humanitarian organizations are working to restore and rehabilitate water and sanitation facilities, provide water purification systems, and promote hygiene practices to prevent the spread of diseases related to poor water quality.

7. Affordable Clean Energy: The availability of affordable and clean energy sources is limited in Syria, primarily due to the destruction of energy infrastructure and disruptions in fuel supplies. Efforts to promote clean energy are currently constrained by the ongoing conflict. However, there are initiatives to explore renewable energy options, such as solar and wind power, as part of the country's long-term development plans. These initiatives aim to improve energy efficiency, reduce reliance on fossil fuels, and increase access to affordable and sustainable energy sources.

8. Economic Growth: The conflict in Syria has severely impacted the country's economy, leading to a decline in GDP and high levels of unemployment. Rebuilding and economic recovery efforts are vital to fostering sustainable economic growth. International organizations, in collaboration with the Syrian government and local stakeholders, are working on economic stabilization programs, job creation initiatives, and supporting small businesses to revive economic activity and provide livelihood opportunities.

9. Industry Innovation: The conflict has hampered innovation and industrial development in Syria. Rebuilding and creating an environment conducive to innovation are key priorities for the country's long-term development. Efforts are underway to promote research and development, technology transfer, and entrepreneurship. These initiatives aim to foster a culture of innovation, support emerging industries, and diversify the economy.

10. Reduced Inequalities: The conflict in Syria has exacerbated existing inequalities and created new disparities. Efforts to reduce inequalities are focused on providing assistance to vulnerable groups, such as refugees, internally displaced persons, and marginalized communities. Humanitarian organizations are working to ensure equal access to basic services, promote social inclusion, and protect the rights of marginalized populations.

11. Sustainable Cities: Sustainable urban development is a critical aspect of rebuilding Syria. Efforts are being made to develop sustainable infrastructure, improve urban planning, and enhance access to essential services in cities. These initiatives aim to create resilient and inclusive cities, promote sustainable transportation, and reduce the environmental impact of urbanization.

12. Responsible Consumption and Production: Promoting responsible consumption and production practices is crucial for sustainable development in Syria. Efforts are being made to raise awareness about sustainable consumption, waste management, and recycling. NGOs and community-based organizations are working on initiatives to promote sustainable agricultural practices, reduce food waste, and encourage the adoption of environmentally friendly production methods.

13. Climate Action: Syria is committed to addressing climate change and has ratified the Paris Agreement. Efforts to combat climate change include enhancing resilience to climate impacts, reducing greenhouse gas emissions, and promoting renewable energy. However, the ongoing conflict hinders the implementation of comprehensive climate action plans. International support is crucial for Syria to achieve its climate goals and mitigate the environmental challenges it faces.

14. Aquatic Environment: Syria is home to various aquatic ecosystems, including rivers, lakes, and coastal areas. The ongoing conflict has put significant pressure on these environments due to pollution, habitat destruction, and overexploitation of resources. Efforts to protect the aquatic environment in Syria involve promoting sustainable fishing practices, monitoring water quality, and implementing conservation measures to preserve the biodiversity of marine and freshwater ecosystems.

15. Natural Environment: Syria has diverse natural landscapes, including forests, mountains, and desert regions. Conservation efforts are crucial to preserve the country's natural environment. Despite the challenges posed by the conflict, initiatives are being undertaken to protect and restore ecosystems, combat deforestation, and promote sustainable land management practices. Collaboration between government entities, NGOs, and local communities is key to achieving long-term environmental conservation goals.

16. Peace and Justice Institutions: The establishment of peace and justice institutions is a crucial aspect of post-conflict reconstruction in Syria. Efforts are underway to promote transitional justice, ensure accountability for human rights violations, and facilitate reconciliation processes. International organizations and local stakeholders are working to support the establishment of inclusive and transparent institutions that can contribute to lasting peace and stability in the country.

17. Partnerships for the Goals: Given the scale and complexity of the challenges in Syria, partnerships between various stakeholders are essential for achieving the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). International organizations, governments, NGOs, and local communities are working together to coordinate efforts, share resources, and build capacity. These partnerships aim to leverage expertise, funding, and technical assistance to address the multifaceted issues facing Syria and contribute to the achievement of the SDGs.