Albania’s political structure is a parliamentary republic with a multi-party system. The country is governed by a President who serves as the head of state and is elected by the Albanian Parliament (Kuvendi i Shqipërisë) for a five-year term. However, the President’s role is largely ceremonial, with limited executive powers. The real executive authority lies with the Prime Minister, who is the head of government and holds significant decision-making powers. The Prime Minister is typically the leader of the majority party or coalition in the parliament and is responsible for running the government and implementing policies.

The Albanian Parliament, consisting of a single chamber with 140 members, is the legislative body responsible for making and amending laws. Members of Parliament are elected through a proportional representation system for four-year terms. Albania has a diverse political landscape with several political parties, and coalition governments are common due to the proportional electoral system. While the political structure in Albania has evolved since the country’s transition to democracy in the early 1990s, it has faced challenges related to corruption, political polarization, and the need for continued reforms to strengthen democratic institutions and the rule of law.