Andorra’s political structure is a unique one, characterized by a parliamentary co-principality. The country is governed by two co-princes who jointly hold the position of head of state: the President of France and the Bishop of Urgell, Catalonia, Spain. These co-princes have limited powers and their roles are largely ceremonial. The executive power is exercised by the government, headed by the Head of Government, known as the Cap de Govern. The Cap de Govern is elected by the General Council, the country’s legislative body, and is responsible for leading the government and implementing policies. The General Council is the unicameral parliament of Andorra, consisting of 28 members. The members of the General Council are elected through a proportional representation system, with the country divided into seven constituencies. The General Council is responsible for enacting laws, approving the budget, and overseeing the government’s activities. The political landscape in Andorra is characterized by a consensus-based approach, with multiple political parties working together to form coalitions and achieve consensus on various issues. This cooperative political culture helps maintain stability and promote governance in the country.

It is worth noting that Andorra is not a member of the European Union, although it has a special relationship with the EU through a customs union agreement. The political structure in Andorra is designed to uphold the principles of democracy and ensure the participation of its citizens in decision-making processes. The co-principality system, combined with a collaborative political approach, has contributed to the stability and harmonious functioning of Andorra’s political system.