Chile operates under a unitary presidential constitutional republic political structure. The country is a republic, where the President of Chile serves as both the head of state and the head of government. The President is elected by popular vote for a four-year term and can serve a maximum of two consecutive terms. The President holds significant executive powers and is responsible for leading the government, implementing policies, and representing Chile domestically and internationally.

The parliament of Chile is a bicameral legislature known as the National Congress. It consists of two chambers: the Chamber of Deputies and the Senate. Members of the Chamber of Deputies are elected through a proportional representation system, while Senators are elected through a combination of nationwide and regional voting. The National Congress is responsible for making laws, approving the national budget, and providing legislative oversight. Chile also has an independent judiciary that operates separately from the legislative and executive branches. The judiciary ensures the interpretation and application of the law, upholds justice, and protects the rights of individuals. The Supreme Court is the highest court in Chile and serves as the final appellate instance.

Chile’s political structure upholds democratic principles, including the separation of powers, regular elections, and protection of individual rights and freedoms. The country has a long-standing tradition of political stability and adherence to the rule of law. Efforts to promote social equity, address historical human rights abuses, and strengthen democratic institutions continue in Chile.