Djibouti operates under a semi-presidential republic political structure. The country is a republic, where the President of Djibouti serves as both the head of state and the head of government. The President is elected by popular vote for a six-year term and holds significant executive powers. The President is responsible for leading the government, implementing policies, and representing Djibouti domestically and internationally.

The parliament of Djibouti is a unicameral legislature known as the National Assembly. Members of the National Assembly are elected through a single-party system, and the ruling party has traditionally held the majority of seats. The National Assembly is responsible for making laws, approving the national budget, and providing legislative oversight over the executive branch. Djibouti also has a judiciary system that operates independently from the legislative and executive branches. The judiciary ensures the interpretation and application of the law, upholds justice, and protects the rights of individuals. The Supreme Court is the highest court in Djibouti and serves as the final appellate instance.

It is important to note that Djibouti’s political landscape has been dominated by the ruling party, and political pluralism and freedom of expression have faced limitations. The country has experienced political stability, but concerns have been raised about human rights issues and restrictions on political freedoms. Efforts to strengthen democratic institutions, promote inclusivity, and address social and economic challenges continue in Djibouti.