The political structure of Georgia is a semi-presidential representative democratic republic. This means that the President is the head of state and the Prime Minister is the head of government. Both the President and the Prime Minister share executive power, but most of the governing responsibility falls to the Prime Minister.

The President of Georgia is directly elected for a term of five years and can serve a maximum of two terms. The President has a somewhat more ceremonial role, representing the country in foreign relations and serving as the commander-in-chief of the armed forces. The Prime Minister, who is appointed by the Parliament, exercises most executive power. The Prime Minister is responsible for the country’s domestic and foreign policy and appoints government ministers.

The legislative power in Georgia is vested in the Parliament, which is a unicameral legislature composed of 150 members. These members are elected for four-year terms. 120 are elected through a proportional representation system, and 30 through a single-member district plurality system. The judiciary in Georgia is independent of the executive and legislative branches. The highest body of the judiciary is the Supreme Court, which oversees the application of justice by the courts. The members of the Supreme Court are nominated by the President and approved by the Parliament.