Hungary, located in Central Europe, is a landlocked country with a rich history and a unique political structure. Its political system is characterized by a parliamentary republic, and its government is based on a democratic framework.

The political structure of Hungary consists of three branches: the executive, legislative, and judicial. At the apex of the executive branch is the President of the Republic, a largely ceremonial role. The real executive power rests with the Prime Minister, who is the head of government.  Viktor Orbán, leader of the Fidesz party, serves as Prime Minister since 2010, with a focus on conservative and nationalist policies.

Hungary’s legislative branch comprises a unicameral parliament known as the National Assembly or Országgyűlés. It consists of 199 members who are elected for four-year terms. Hungary employs a mixed electoral system, combining proportional representation with a winner-takes-all element, which has favored the dominant parties in recent years.  The judiciary in Hungary operates independently, with the highest court being the Curia. However, concerns have arisen about the government’s influence on the judicial system, particularly during Viktor Orbán’s tenure, leading to criticism from international organizations.