Iran, officially the Islamic Republic of Iran, is a Middle Eastern nation governed by a hybrid system combining theocracy and republican elements. The Supreme Leader, currently Ali Khamenei, serves as the highest political and religious authority, overseeing the military, judiciary, and key national policies. Alongside this role, an elected president manages daily government functions, though authority is limited by the Supreme Leader and institutions like the Guardian Council, which vets candidates and ensures laws align with Islamic principles.

Iran’s legislature, the Majlis, is elected by the public but operates under the oversight of religious bodies, with all laws subject to approval by the Guardian Council. While there is ongoing speculation about future leadership, including figures such as Mojtaba Khamenei, Iran’s political system remains defined by centralized authority and strong religious influence.