Latvia is a parliamentary republic located in Northern Europe. The country follows a democratic political system with a separation of powers. The executive power is divided between the President and the Prime Minister. The President, who is elected by the Saeima (the parliament), serves as the head of state and represents Latvia domestically and internationally. The Prime Minister, on the other hand, is appointed by the President and approved by the Saeima. The Prime Minister heads the government and is responsible for implementing policies and managing day-to-day affairs. This dual executive structure ensures a balance of power.

The legislative branch in Latvia is represented by the Saeima, a unicameral parliament consisting of 100 members. These members are elected by proportional representation for a four-year term. The Saeima plays a crucial role in enacting laws, approving the budget, and conducting legislative oversight. The judiciary in Latvia is independent and comprises district courts, regional courts, and the Supreme Court. The judiciary is responsible for interpreting and applying the law, ensuring the protection of individual rights, and upholding the rule of law. This system of checks and balances between the executive, legislative, and judicial branches forms the foundation of Latvia’s political structure and aims to ensure accountability and democratic governance.