Malta operates as a parliamentary republic, with a political structure that combines democratic governance and a separation of powers among the executive, legislative, and judicial branches.

At the heart of Malta’s political structure is the President of Malta, who serves as the head of state. The President is elected by the Parliament and acts as a ceremonial figurehead, representing the country domestically and internationally. The executive power is held by the Prime Minister, who is the head of government and is appointed by the President. The Prime Minister leads the government, formulates policies, and oversees the administration of the country.

The legislative branch in Malta is represented by the Parliament, which is a unicameral legislature known as the House of Representatives. Members of Parliament (MPs) are elected by popular vote through a single transferable vote system. The Parliament is responsible for enacting laws, approving the national budget, and exercising legislative oversight.

The judiciary in Malta is independent and ensures the interpretation and application of the law. The highest judicial authority is the Constitutional Court, which handles constitutional matters. The judiciary also includes other courts, such as the Civil Court, Criminal Court, and Appeals Court, which handle various legal cases and provide access to justice.

Political parties play a crucial role in Malta’s political landscape, with elections being held regularly to determine the composition of the Parliament. Civil society organizations and media outlets contribute to public discourse and provide checks and balances on the government.

In conclusion, Malta’s political structure is characterized by a parliamentary republic, with a separation of powers among the executive, legislative, and judicial branches. The President holds a ceremonial role, while the Prime Minister and the elected government exercise executive authority. The Parliament enacts laws and provides legislative oversight, while the judiciary operates independently. Malta’s political system aims to uphold democratic principles, protect individual rights, and ensure effective governance.