Montenegro, a small Balkan nation in Southeast Europe, functions as a parliamentary republic. The President of Montenegro serves as the head of state and is elected by popular vote for a maximum of two five-year terms. While the presidency holds a ceremonial role, executive authority is vested in the Prime Minister, who is the head of government. The Prime Minister leads the Cabinet, consisting of ministers responsible for various government departments. The unicameral Parliament of Montenegro, known as the Skupština, is the supreme legislative authority. Its members are elected through a proportional representation system, and the parliament plays a crucial role in lawmaking, approving the budget, and overseeing the executive branch.

Montenegro’s judiciary is independent and is headed by the Supreme Court, ensuring the separation of powers. Local governance is organized into municipalities, each with its elected assembly and mayor. The political landscape is characterized by a multi-party system, with coalitions often forming to secure a majority in the parliament. Montenegro’s political structure has evolved since gaining independence in 2006, reflecting a commitment to democratic principles and European integration. However, challenges such as the balance between central and local authorities and ongoing efforts to strengthen the rule of law continue to shape the country’s political dynamics.