Mozambique operates as a presidential republic, with a political structure that combines democratic governance and a separation of powers among the executive, legislative, and judicial branches.

At the top of the political structure is the President of Mozambique, who serves as both the head of state and government. The President is elected by popular vote for a five-year term and holds significant executive powers. The President appoints the Prime Minister and a Council of Ministers who assist in the administration of the country.

The legislative branch in Mozambique is represented by the Assembly of the Republic, which is a unicameral parliament. Members of the Assembly, known as deputies, are elected through a proportional representation system for a five-year term. The Assembly of the Republic is responsible for enacting laws, approving the national budget, and providing oversight of the executive branch.

The judiciary in Mozambique is independent and ensures the interpretation and application of the law. The Supreme Court is the highest judicial authority and handles constitutional matters, as well as appeals from lower courts. Lower courts, such as provincial and district courts, handle various legal cases and ensure access to justice.

Political parties play a significant role in Mozambique’s political landscape, with elections being a crucial aspect of the democratic process. Civil society organizations and media outlets contribute to public discourse, provide checks and balances on the government, and promote transparency and accountability.

Mozambique has faced challenges related to political stability, governance, and development. Efforts are ongoing to strengthen democratic institutions, address socio-economic disparities, and promote peace and reconciliation.

In conclusion, Mozambique’s political structure is characterized by a presidential republic, with a separation of powers among the executive, legislative, and judicial branches. The President holds executive authority, while the Assembly of the Republic enacts laws and provides legislative oversight. The judiciary operates independently to uphold the rule of law. Mozambique’s political system aims to promote democratic governance, protect individual rights, and foster socio-economic development for the betterment of its citizens.