Myanmar, also known as Burma, has a complex political landscape with a history of military rule and was under military control after a coup d’état in February 2021.

Prior to the coup, Myanmar had a political structure that included elements of both civilian and military rule. It operated as a parliamentary republic, with a mixture of elected civilian representatives and military-appointed representatives in the legislature. The President served as the head of state and government and was elected by members of the parliament. However, the military retained considerable power through its control over key ministries and a designated number of seats in the legislature.

The legislative branch in Myanmar was represented by the Union Parliament, which consisted of two houses: the Pyidaungsu Hluttaw (Assembly of the Union) and the Amyotha Hluttaw (House of Nationalities) and Pyithu Hluttaw (House of Representatives). Members of the parliament were elected through a combination of direct elections and military appointments.

The judiciary in Myanmar was officially independent, but its independence was often subject to political influence. The Supreme Court served as the highest judicial authority in the country.