São Tomé and Príncipe operates as a democratic republic. The President of São Tomé and Príncipe is both the head of state and head of government, elected by popular vote for a five-year term. The President appoints the Prime Minister, who is responsible for the day-to-day administration of the government. The unicameral National Assembly is the country’s legislative body, with members elected through a proportional representation system.

São Tomé and Príncipe has a multi-party system, and coalition governments are common due to the proportional representation electoral system. The judiciary is independent, and the Supreme Court serves as the highest court. Local governance is organized into districts and municipalities, each with its elected officials. The country faces challenges related to economic development, political stability, and social issues.

São Tomé and Príncipe’s political structure reflects a commitment to democratic principles, with periodic elections and a focus on fostering stability and sustainable development in this island nation in the Gulf of Guinea.