Taiwan, officially known as the Republic of China (ROC), operates under a democratic political structure. The system of governance in Taiwan is a multi-party, representative democracy where the President of Taiwan is the head of state and the Premier (appointed by the President) is the head of government.

The President, who is elected to a four-year term by popular vote, is responsible for foreign relations and defense. The government structure also includes the Vice President, who is elected on the same ticket as the President. The Executive Yuan, led by the Premier, functions as the executive branch and handles the administration of Taiwan. The President also appoints members of the Executive Yuan, which includes ministers and chairpersons of various government agencies.

Legislative power is vested in the unicameral Legislative Yuan, whose members are elected for four-year terms. Taiwan has a multi-party system, with the Democratic Progressive Party (DPP) and the Kuomintang (KMT) being the two major parties. The political situation in Taiwan is often defined by its relationship with the People’s Republic of China (PRC), which considers Taiwan as a part of its territory and has not renounced the use of force to bring it under its control. Taiwan, however, maintains its own political, economic, and military institutions, effectively operating as an independent country.